Article Retraction Procedure

The procedure for submitting a complaint to initiate the retraction of an article is intended to ensure transparency, academic integrity, and compliance with ethical standards in publications. It enables authors, reviewers, or readers to formally report potential violations, inaccuracies, or ethical concerns in published materials. Below is a schematic representation of the main steps for submitting a complaint to initiate a retraction, which helps to structure the process and ensures an objective consideration of each case.